The Effects Of Alcohol On Human Cells - 1409 Words

Emily Rice BI 308-01 Professor Bilozur November 28, 2016 Alcohol-Induced Molecular Dysregulation in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neural Precursor Cells Introduction Prenatal exposure to alcohol can cause profound amounts of birth defects and mental retardation. Drinking alcohol is composed of ethanol, a flammable liquid, which is made by fermentation. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, alcohol can affect different parts of the human body such as the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, the immune system, and plays a role in cancer (NIH, n.d.). In the brain, alcohol can intervene in communication pathways, which affects how the brain works. Alcohol can cause many different heart defects and disorders such as cardiomyopathy, irregular heartbeats, stroke, high blood pressure and in some cases heart attack. Alcohol proves to be very damaging to the liver, especially in alcoholism. In many cases, the liver turns into scar tissue causing fibrosis and cirrhosis. Other liver problems can include having a fatty liver and alcoholic hepatitis. Alcohol-induced fatty liver disease, the first stage of alcohol-induced liver disease, occurs when fat is depositing in liver cells. Alcoholic hepatitis is very similar to fatty liver disease, although it presents with inflammation and scarring of the liver. Many alcoholic’s liver becomes so scarred that it is irreversible, which is called alcoholic cirrhosis. Alcoholic cirrhosis is the most progressive form ofShow MoreRelatedThe Control Cranial Neural Crest Cells1210 Words   |  5 Pagescrest cells are clearly visible in (Fig 4A and C). The actin filaments are also distinguishable, whereas in the cells treated with ethanol, there is an irregular distribution of the microfilaments. The cells in the cultures exposed to ethanol are small yet have an increased number in cells compared to the control cranial neural crest cells (Fig 4A). There is a prominent disarray and overlap, which suggests an alteration in the orientation in the actin cytoskeleton of the alcohol-treated cells (OyedeleRead MoreThe Effects of Alcohol on the Human Body1420 Words   |  6 Pag esThe effects of Alcohol on the Human Body Name: Institution: Introduction Today, alcohol is one of the most common substances that people abuse. It is an addictive drink that has become a popular way of having a good time or relaxing in social gatherings. It is among the most commonly used psychoactive drugs. Alcohol is a popular social phenomenon, yet most societies forget its effects on their bodies. Research has carried out in the recent years on the effects that alcohol consumption is havingRead MoreThe Effects Of Prenatal Exposure On Alcohol1389 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Prenatal exposure to alcohol can cause profound amounts of birth defects and mental retardation. Drinking alcohol is composed of ethanol, a flammable liquid, which is made by fermentation. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, alcohol can affect different parts of the human body such as the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, the immune system, and plays a role in cancer (NIH, n.d.). In the brain, alcohol can intervene in communication pathways, which affectsRead MoreWhy Do Some Children have Foetal Alcohol Syndrome and Some Do Not?1325 Words   |  6 PagesFor many years the questions has been raised as to why not all children are affected by Foetal Alcohol Syndrome even if the mother was drinking alcohol during her pregnancy. The theory that genetics plays a role in whether a child will have FAS first came about through studying twins. In a sample size 16 sets of twins, which were all exposed to alcohol while in the uterus, out of the 5 sets of identical twins, in each set both children were affected by FAS. Out of the 11 sets of fraternal twins,Read MoreYeast And Its Effects On Humans Essay1600 Words   |  7 Pagesone cell per microbe. Saccharomyces Cerevisiae is the most well-known and popular strain of yeast as it is used to make alcohol and bread. It is known for being the most commonly used yeast as a fermenter of alcoholic drinks and the most commonly used yeast to make bread rise. It is also a safe strain of yeast to humans as it is non-pathogenic and doesn’t have a negative effect on the environment. Other fungi’s and Yeasts that are pathogens can lead to yeast infections and have harmful effects onRead MoreFetal Development And Human Development1376 Words   |  6 Pagesis know as a zygote. It splits apart into up to 32 cells which enter the uterus and is then known as the blastocyst. Implantation occurs when the blastocyst begins attaching to the wall of the uterus. From this point the blastocyst is referr ed to as an embryo until the 9th week of the pregnancy. This 8 week period is called the embryonic period (â€Å"Fetal Development†). The first week of the embryonic period differentiation begins to occur. The cells of the embryo multiply rapidly and begin forming differentRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol On Social Behavior1693 Words   |  7 Pagesmany other environments. Alcohol is a psychoactive drug (it alters mood and potentially consciousness) and is specifically classified as a depressant. Depressant drugs slow down the nervous system and physiological functioning while promoting a relaxing, drowsy feeling. In the case of alcohol, these aforementioned effects typically arise when heavy doses of the drug are consumed. In low to moderate doses, however, the opposite happens. The alcohol has a mood-elevating effect, along with many otherRead MoreDescribe And Explain Ethanol Catabolism Pathways In Humans,1597 Words   |  7 Pagescatabolism pathways in humans, the metabolic e ffects of excessive alcohol consumption and describe the long-term treatment and prognosis of this disease. Ethanol is a small two-carbon molecule, referred to as alcohol (1, 4); it comes from the fermentation of grains such as cane sugar molasses etc. Fermentation is the process by which a substance such as carbohydrates for example, sugars are turned into alcohol by the action of microorganisms such as yeast, that eventually dies as alcohol levels rise duringRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol During Athletic Activities816 Words   |  4 PagesAlcohol has many negative effects on those who participate in athletic activities. The NCAA warns â€Å"Excessive alcohol can lead to loss in balance and coordination, reduced reaction time, and increased appetite. The decline in cognitive function can lead to an increase in sports-related injuries† (SCAN Registered Dietitians, 2013). This only scratches the surface of negative effects. Drinking alcohol prior to an athletic event often leads to dehydration which causes problems such as â€Å"increased coreRead MoreTo prevent exposure to dangerous viruses and bacteria many people use sanitizers such as Purex or800 Words   |  4 Pagessome types of dangerous bacteria many types of viruses are untouched by such sanitisers. Hand sanitizer works by using a chemical to disinfect the surface it is applied to. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are clearly a very useful and important method to prevent most bacterial and viral infections, with rare exceptions, Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are clearly a very useful and important method to prevent most bacterial and viral infections, with rare exceptions, says Aaron E. Glatt, MD, executive